Browsing by Department "Facultad de Humanidades y Educación"
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Publication A Free Dialogical Logic For Surrogate Reasoning: Generation Of Hypothesis Without Ontological CommitmentsThis article aims to present a Free Dialogic Logic [FDL] as a general framework for hypothesis generation in the practice of modelling in science. Our proposal is based on the idea that the inferential function that models fulfil during the modelling process (surrogate reasoning) should be carried out without ontological commitments. The starting point to achieve our objective is that the scientific consideration of models without a target is a symptom that, on the one hand, the Applicability of Logic should be considered among the conditions of adequacy that should take into account all modeling process and, on the other, that the inferential apparatus at the base of the surrogate reasoning process must be rid of realistic assumptions that lead to erroneous conclusions. In this sense, we propose as an alternative an ontologically neutral inferential system in the perspective of dialogical pragmatism.Scopus© Citations 3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A Generation 1.5 Palestinian Diaspora Child Refugee In ChileThis study follows a former child refugee’s experience of family resettlement in Chile. Born into the Palestinian Iraqi community further imperiled by the 2003 invasion of Iraq, his family fled first to the Al-Tanf refugee camp before placement in Chile. While most of the world’s refugees dwell in marginal conditions in areas neighboring conflicts, another strain of permanent settlement has been highly developed amongst some of the wealthiest countries. For countries such as Chile—by strict definition now high-income, but only newly considering a role as a haven for refugees—tentative steps toward resettlement protocols mean that case data are limited. By carefully studying a family’s resettlement and subsequent experience from a child refugee’s reflections, it is possible to sketch out and understand a range of challenges at the human scale of supporting refugees. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A Social Psychological Index For Transitional Political Reconciliation (Spitpr-5F)(American Psychological Association, 2020-10-13) ;Manuel Cárdenas Castro; ;Pete LeihyPatricia Obreque OviedoSocietal reconciliation and the transition from trauma to peace are increasingly prominent themes in psychosocial studies. In Chile, 3 decades after a transition from a long dictatorship (1973–1990) to restored democratic rule, the measurement of progress in reconciliation remains imprecise, despite a large body of testimony and other empirical evidence. This study explores the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Social Psychological Index for Transitional Political Reconciliation (SPITPR–5F) in a sample of 559 participants from Valparaíso, Chile. Exploratory factor analysis and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the invariance of the correlated 5-factor structure with respect to sex and age variables. The reconciliation index shows good levels of reliability (w =.91), and results support a correlated 5-factor model of political reconciliation. Similarly, the fit index indicates the validity of the model and supports its strict invariance by gender but not by age. These results suggest that the SPITPR–5F is an evaluative five-factor measure of political reconciliation across the Chilean population. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A theater of images. the covers of el mercurio of valparaiso about the "mega-fire" of 2014En este artículo analizamos las portadas del diario El Mercurio de Valparaíso sobre al gran incendio de la ciudad del 12 de abril de 2014. El acercamiento es interdisciplinario, articulando la historia de tragedias previas y su cobertura, el análisis de imágenes y de prensa. Observamos la construcción de un relato que tiene antecedentes históricos y que implica un tratamiento de la noticia que lleva a un proceso de declive y de desplazamiento. Planteamos que las imágenes y las portadas sobre éstas plantean una representación de la catástrofe que puede ser sintetizada en la metáfora de un “teatro de imágenes”, y que permite darle inteligibilidad. Proponemos que ella no sólo da cuenta de una modalidad de tratamiento noticioso, sino que guarda coherencia con la lógica que guía los procesos liminales de cualquier sociedad histórica. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication A voice for women. political women's periodical press in chile, 1900-1929Se muestra un panorama de la prensa política de mujeres en Chile entre 1900 y 1929, para lo que se considera un catastro actualizado, una definición y la construcción de una tipología. La prensa política de mujeres son los periódicos y revistas producidas por organizaciones femeninas de diversa adscripción ideológica. Esta prensa fue a la vez un medio de expresión y un espacio de construcción de identidad de las propias organizaciones. Se examinan factores que ayudan a comprender la acción de las mujeres en la prensa, y también se definen varios tipos de periódicos que, en conjunto, fueron la expresión de un nuevo fenómeno social: las mujeres usan la prensa para opinar. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Age at menarche and women wellbeing in valparaíso, chile (1851-1895): an historic anthropometric analysis(Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 2023-07-31); ;Jaime Lacueva Muñoz ;Benjamín Pastén González ;Juan Villarroel DuránJohanna Santibáñez GarvisoLa menarquia señala el inicio del periodo reproductivo y constituye un importante marcador del crecimiento humano femenino. La edad en la que se presenta depende de la interacción de factores genéticos y socioambientales, por lo que resulta un interesante indicador del bienestar biológico de las poblaciones. Con una muestra inicial de 445 mujeres residentes en Valparaíso y nacidas entre los años 1851-1895, evaluamos la incidencia de factores socioambientales en la edad de la menarquia en un contexto histórico caracterizado por un fuerte incremento del Producto Interno Bruto y un intenso, pero inarmónico desarrollo urbano. Aunque los resultados muestran una tendencia al adelanto de la edad de menarquia, este no resulta estadísticamente significativo (p > .05). El origen rural/urbano, el tamaño familiar y el estrés intrafamiliar no parecen incidir en la edad de menarquia de la población de la muestra. El fenómeno de penalización urbana podría explicar en parte los resultados. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication «al compás de la semana» de roxane, o una sección para mujeres encubierta (1927-1930)Between 1927 and 1930 Zig-Zag magazine published «Al compás de la semana», a section in which the editorial and writing action of Elvira Santa Cruz Ossa (Roxane) converged. We argue that «Al compás de la semana» discloses a chronicler-editor whose work exceeds the limits of what ones could expect for a section of current affairs. We point out that topics such as «women», «feminine condition» and «women labor» take on an unusual leading role in Zig-Zag. Therefore, we argue that a sui generis female section conceals behind the photographs of the section that referred, most of the time, to social life and travel or to political and cultural news. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Álvaro jara hantke. notes from an unrevealed history, 1923-1948En el siguiente artículo se aborda el ambiente familiar, cultural y político más cercano que vivió el historiador Álvaro Jara desde su niñez hasta su primera juventud. Se sostiene que Jara experimentó en estos contextos una fuerte relación, directa e indirecta, en el orden de la cultura y la política que le permitió incorporar un sólido capital cultural y social. La impregnación de un ambiente de ruptura le facilitaría emprender nuevos horizontes en su desarrollo intelectual e historiográfico posterior. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication An Inferential And Dynamic Approach To Modeling And Understanding In Biology [Un Enfoque Inferencial Y Dinámico De La Modelización Y La Comprensión En Biología]This paper aims to propose an inferential and dynamic approach to understanding with models in biology. Understanding plays a central role in the practice of modeling. From its links with the other two central elements of scientific research, experimentation, and explanation, we show its epistemic relevance to the case of explanation in biology. Furthermore, by including the notion of understanding, we propose a non-referentialist perspective on scientific models, which is determined by their use. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication And you'll see how immigrants love chileans in chile [y verás como quieren en chile… los inmigrantes a los chilenos]Con una muestra de chilenos y de inmigrantes peruanos, colombianos y venezolanos investigamos sobre el grado de cercanía afectiva y relacional percibido entre los miembros de estos grupos. Adicionalmente indagamos en torno a la percepción de los inmigrantes acerca de los chilenos previo y posterior a su arribo a Chile y al enriquecimiento cultural percibido. Para los análisis estadísticos utilizamos la Prueba t de Student para comparar las medias entre los grupos. Los resultados muestran que los inmigrantes valoran la incorporación de los elementos culturales del país de acogida en su propia cultura, que mejoran la percepción que tienen sobre los chilenos al residir en Chile y que se sienten más cercanos y expresan más afecto que lo que perciben recibir de parte de los chilenos. En general los chilenos se sienten menos cercanos y expresan menos afecto de lo que reciben de parte de los inmigrantes.Scopus© Citations 2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Bananas y otros frutos del deseo: divas y subversiones en la performance de ney matogrossoTaking into account the symbolic universe of the civic-military dictatorships of the Southern Cone as a context, this article seeks to reflect on the aesthetic and political implications of the figuration of the diva in the performance of local artists, through the case of Ney Matogrosso (1941) and his reappropriations of Carmen Miranda (1909-1955). From a feminist theoretical orientation in a postcolonial key, it is possible to suspect that the figuration of the diva is strategically infiltrated in its performance, from a network of aesthetic superposition that aim to destabilize the dominant symbolic order, rendering porous the boundaries between masculine and feminine, the political and the spectacular. The relevance of this study lies not only in the attempt to shed light on this “parody tinsel gesture” (Castillo 92) from its possible aesthetic effects, but also to contribute to the unexplored field of its (micro) political implications in the Latin American context. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Classical logic and schizophrenia: for a neutral game semantics [lógica clásica y esquizofrenia: por una semántica lúdica]In this paper we draw a proposal to develop a logic of fictions in the game-theoretical approach of dialogical pragmatism. From one of the main criticisms that point to classical logic: the structural schizophrenia of its semantics (Lambert, 2004: 142-143; 160), we review the ontological commitments of the two main traditions of logic (Aristotle and Frege) to highlight their limits concerning the analysis of fictional discourse, and the overcoming from a pragmatic game perspective. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Competencia global en la formación inicial del profesorado de música: hacia una educación musical en derechos humanosLa OCDE establece la competencia global para impulsar una educación que contribuya a la construcción de un mundo inclusivo y sostenible, de modo que los programas universitarios que se imparten en los países miembros deben incorporarla. El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar algunos programas universitarios chilenos de Pedagogía en Música, haciendo el análisis en función de la competencia global definida por la OCDE. Se utiliza el método comparativo constante para analizar tres programas universitarios deformación inicial del profesorado de música. Los resultados revelan que las competencias generales son consistentes con la competencia global, no así las competencias específicas, pues proponen enfoques pragmáticos y colonialistas. En conclusión, los programas universitarios son consistentes con la competencia global, al menos desde sus competencias generales. No obstante, es imperioso fortalecer la visión formativa orientada hacia la inclusión y la sostenibilidad. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Construction and validation of the "scale of social problems in chile"(Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, 2022-12-15) ;Ximena Ligia Faúndez Abarca ;Dahiana Gamboa Morales ;Emanuel Arredondo; ; ;Elisabeth Simbürger ;José Manuel Gaete Fiscella ;Juan Sandoval MoyaFuad Hatibovic DíazSe presenta la construcción y validación de la “Escala de problemas sociales en población chilena”. La escala fue elaborada considerando las principales problemáticas sociales a nivel nacional y comunal. Para su validación se usó metodología cuantitativa con diseño de carácter no experimental de corte transversal. Los participantes correspondieron a 456 habitantes de la comuna de Valparaíso, Chile. Se usó muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas que reflejara la composición demográfica regional en términos de sexo y grupo de edad en la comuna. Se aplicó análisis factorial exploratorio empleando el software SPSS V24.0, y análisis factorial confirmatorio a través de R console y la interfaz Rcmdr. Se pudo establecer que la estructura factorial de la escala logra distinguir entre problemas nacionales y locales. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Criticism of patrick suppes'notion of modelOur aim is to critically analyse the approach to the notion of model by Alfred Tarski that Patrick Suppes integrates into his semanticist conception of scientific theories. Indeed, we will show how this notion is configured in Suppes (1960; 1970) from a formal review of the notion of model in Tarski (1936), focusing our analysis on three main axes: i) a critique of the static perspective of semanticism; ii) an analysis of the restrictive conditions and the language for the axiomatization of theories; and iii) the revision of the notions of ‘axiomatic system’, ‘formal system’ and ‘axiomatic method’. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Dialogical assertion as a minimum unit of knowledgeThe aim of this paper is to propose the notion of dialogical assertion as a minimal unit of knowledge in the frame of dialogical pragmatism. We argue that this minimal unity is the dialogue for the p thesis, accompanied by its game of giving and asking for reasons (Play-Level) for a winning strategy for the proponent. Thereby, we explore the problem from the semantic framework proposed by Shahid Rahman to present a dialogical definition of that concept. Furthermore, we show how the notion of proposition ceases to be the primordial logical concept and how it is replaced by the notion of assertion as an act in the process of a dialogue game and following the fundamental insights of Brandom (1994, 2000) and Martin-Löf (1984). This pragmatic approach to logic will abandon the idea that the proposition is the minimum logical unit of true knowledge. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Dissonances in the Institutionalization of Gender in Chilean Universities: Theoretical Reflections for the Ongoing Debate1(MDPI AG, 2025-04-28) ;Sandra Vera Gajardo ;Antonieta Vera ;Tamara Vidaurrazaga Aránguiz ;Andrea Vera-Gajardo; Lelya TroncosoThe Chilean feminist movements challenged the state and educational authorities regarding recurring instances of gender-based violence that were perpetuated and silenced. Reports of harassment and sexual abuse led to a broader critique about the ways in which education plays a part in the establishment of a model that sustains gender gaps. University authorities responded with institutional policies, establishing protocols and formal spaces to address these issues. However, these measures have revealed new problems. Given that the institutional response to the feminist uprising illuminated a range of nuances, obstacles, and new tensions related to issues of punishment, reparation, and justice, we identify four critical points of these political dissonances that emerged in Chilean universities following this cycle of protests: 1. problems in the definition and naming of violence and experiences of grievance; 2. public exposure of grievances, including “funas” (public shaming) and punitive practices; 3. disputes over the meaning of the slogan “non-sexist education”; 4. challenges in integrating the feminist complaint within the university community. Based on the analysis of slogans, key protest moments, and a comprehensive literature review, we argue that these tensions may hinder feminism’s transformative potential while simultaneously enabling a valuable internal critique. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Education, History, And Memory In The Chilean School: A Perspective On Chile'S Recent History From The Narratives Of High School StudentsThis chapter presents an analysis of the main problems and challenges related to teaching and learning Chile's recent history. This analysis relates the authors' experience with theoretical production in the context of a transitional society characterized by post-conflict. The emergence and relevance of the typical matters of teaching recent history are based on a dialogue among disciplinary perspectives including the New Social History, theorizations about memory as an interdisciplinary category, and the materialization of the secondary students' historical learning through their narratives of the past. The discussion of memory and history are contextualized within the Hispano-American context, particularly in the Southern Cone of the continent. The chapter follows a socio-cultural theoretical perspective along with the theoretical contributions from an analysis of historical awareness. The findings describe historical explanations of Chilean students, which allow them to understand the present and recognize intersection points among their narratives and the reference frameworks established by a dominant national curriculum. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Equality, politics and education. gender essays by 19th century teachers in chileEn este artículo analizamos una serie de textos que definimos como ensayos de género que fueron escritos por maestras de fin del siglo XIX en Chile. Antonia Tarragó y Eduvigis Casanova formaron parte de un movimiento de mujeres que a partir de la década de 1870 comenzaron a demandar igualdad. En este caso, argumentaron en favor de una educación igualitaria en la coyuntura de los debates entre liberales y conservadores por la construcción del Estado-nación. Considerando la teoría feminista, planteamos que se hace necesario reconocer a las maestras como agentes en la contingencia social, cultural y política de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. En los ensayos de género analizados, las maestras articularon y resignificaron marcos históricos y éticos que se basaban en perspectivas ilustradas que postulaban la igualdad de las almas y en un pensamiento sustentado en la regeneración. En ese ejercicio, promovían formas de autodeterminación y emancipación, valorando la educación secundaria y superior como dispositivos para cuestionar las formas segregadas de género construidas en la “república masculina”. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Estudios de historia de las instituciones políticas y sociales journal the last jaime eyzaguirre's quarrel against hernán ramírez necochea [revista estudios de historia de las instituciones políticas y sociales la última querella de jaime eyzaguirre contrEn el siguiente artículo se aborda la última revista que dirigió Jaime Eyzaguirre, Estudios de Historia de las Instituciones Políticas y Sociales (1966-1967), de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad de Chile. Se sostiene que los temas que predominaron en la publicación, sobre la Guerra Civil de 1891, estaban dirigidos, indirectamente, a cuestionar las tesis sostenidas por el historiador Hernán Ramírez Necochea, marcando un giro en las preocupaciones de Eyzaguirre, puesto que con anterioridad había impulsado a sus discípulos a indagar en la historia del Reino de Chile. Esta nueva querella historiográfica, inscrita en una lucha por los imaginarios sociales, buscaba neutralizar la imagen progresista que la historiografía de izquierdas hacía del presidente José Manuel Balmaceda.