Avulsion of permanent teeth is one of the most serious dental injuries, and a prompt and correct emergency management is very important for the prognosis. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed a consensus statement after a review of the dental literature and group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties were included in the task group. The guidelines represent the current best evidence and practice based on literature research and professionals’ opinion. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion or majority decision of the task group. Finally, the IADT board members were giving their opinion and approval. The primary goal of these guidelines is to delineate an approach for the immediate or urgent care of avulsed permanent teeth.

This chapter exemplifies the use of experimental techniques, borrowed from software engineering, to create validated knowledge in the Security field. Systematic approaches for secure software development, specifically those implying some sort of process aligned with the software development life cycle (SDLC), are called security methodologies. There are a number of security methodologies in the literature, of which the most flexible and most satisfactory from an industry adoption viewpoint are methodologies that encapsulate their security solutions in some fashion, such as via the use of security patterns, security tactics security tactics, or security vulnerabilities. Security tactics security tactics are proven reusable architectural building blocks that encapsulate design decision knowledge to support the achievement of the security attributes. Security patterns are encapsulated solutions to recurrent security design problems that cover all software life cycle stages, including handling threats and fixing vulnerabilities in software systems. Both tactics and patterns describe design decisions to mitigate specific security threats, and both are organized in catalogs.

Las personas en situación de calle están expuestas a mayores problemas de salud debido a la vulnerabilidad sociosanitaria que poseen. Estas personas presentan barreras de acceso y baja afiliación a la atención en salud lo que dificulta la entrega de cuidados. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los cuidados de enfermería que se entregan a las personas en situación de calle a nivel mundial. Se realizó una revisión de literatura en Web of science, Scopus, EBSCO, CINAHL y Scielo, filtrando por artículos de los últimos 5 años, idioma español, inglés y portugués, y texto completo. Se utilizaron las expresiones de búsqueda [Nursing care AND Homeless persons] y [Nursing care AND Homeless persons NOT Hospitalization]. Se seleccionaron 24 artículos en donde se identificaron cuidados de promoción, prevención y educación para la salud, cuidados clínicos, de salud mental y adicciones, de rehabilitación, cuidados paliativos y muerte digna. Estos cuidados fueron entregados estableciendo una relación terapéutica y una participación activa e integrada con el equipo multidisciplinario, brindando atención clínica en lugares fijos y móviles, realizando acciones de gestión en red y administrativas en las que los profesionales de enfermería contribuyeron promoviendo el acceso a la atención de salud. Como conclusión, a nivel mundial actualmente se entregan cuidados de enfermería que se adaptan al contexto y necesidades de las personas en situación de calle, sin embargo, aún es necesario priorizar esfuerzos para organizar nuevas formas de cuidar a esta población e incluirlos en el sistema sanitario.

Voltage-dependent K + channels are the intrinsic membrane proteins that draw the cell resting potential toward K + equilibrium potential by forming a conduction pathway, or pore, through which K + selectively diffuses down the electrochemical gradient across the membrane. The voltage imposed across the cell membrane governs pore opening, hence the name voltage-dependent K + channels. These channels serve as the appropriate negative feedback to excitatory inputs on a cell when they are active by hyperpolarizing the cell membrane. In general, voltage-dependent K + channels increase their activity on membrane depolarization, this activation dampens the excitatory events that depolarize the cell membrane and/or elevate the cytosolic Ca 2+ . Voltage-dependent K + channels are widely distributed in mammalian tissues and play important physiological roles. Some of the roles that voltage-dependent K + channels play include setting the duration of action potentials and the interspike interval during repetitive firing in neurons and in the heart, secreting K + in epithelia, setting the smooth muscle tone, and determining the resonance frequency in hair cells. Voltage-dependent K + channels are made of subunits that assemble in the bilayer as tetramers to form highly selective K + channels. The tremendous diversity of voltage-dependent K + channels can be attributed to the large number of different genes present, alternative splicing, auxiliary β-subunits, and metabolic regulation.

Soft-bottom macrobenthic communities on the continental shelf of central Chile were characterised, in number, by polychaetes, followed by amphipods, bivalves and cumaceans, while biomass was dominated byAmphioplus magellanicus(Ophiuroidea). The standing stocks followed a parabolic pattern relative to depth (highest at mid-shelf) but the species were divided into inshore (22 to 50 m) and offshore (80 to 140 m) assemblages, based on the similarity in species composition. Diversity (Es) was highest in the shallow assemblage and lowest at the deeper locations, suggesting that the decline in oxygen offshore was impacting the numbers of species. Dominance followed the opposite pattern, with greatest dominance at the deepest two stations. The distribution of sizes at each site, measured as normalised biomass size spectra (NBSS), was not different among the sites, although total biomass was concentrated in the single large ophiuroid at the deepest location. Significant correlations (p< 0.05) indicated that diversity and number of species were mainly related to the organic content (i.e. total organic carbon) and sediment composition (grain size). Therefore, food supply from primary production and the physical properties of the seafloor are thought to be the main forces structuring the macrobenthos biodiversity and distribution.

This study examines the role of coping strategies related to positive reappraisal versus other cognitive strategies (deliberate rumination) as mediators between life impact and posttraumatic growth in survivors of the military dictatorship in Chile between 1973 and 1990 (tortured political prisoners and family members of political prisoners executed and missing). Survey data from 251 political violence survivors were analyzed using the SPSS PROCESS macro for bootstrapping indirect effects (Hayes, 2013). Results indicated that positive reappraisal (or reframing) coping mediated the relationship between life impact and posttraumatic growth. A serial multiple mediation model indicates that in the life impact to growth moderation process, rumination must be followed by positive reappraisal to drive this growth. These findings suggest that positive reappraisal of the traumatic experience is essential to achieve growth reports. Implications of these more complex relations are discussed for both counseling interventions and further research.

Consider longitudinal observations across different subjects such that the underlying distribution is determined by a non-linear mixed-effects model. In this context, we look at the misclassification error rate for allocating future subjects using cross-validation, bootstrap algorithms (parametric bootstrap, leave-one-out, .632 and [Formula: see text]), and bootstrap cross-validation (which combines the first two approaches), and conduct a numerical study to compare the performance of the different methods. The simulation and comparisons in this study are motivated by real observations from a pregnancy study in which one of the main objectives is to predict normal versus abnormal pregnancy outcomes based on information gathered at early stages. Since in this type of studies it is not uncommon to have insufficient data to simultaneously solve the classification problem and estimate the misclassification error rate, we put special attention to situations when only a small sample size is available. We discuss how the misclassification error rate estimates may be affected by the sample size in terms of variability and bias, and examine conditions under which the misclassification error rate estimates perform reasonably well.

Resumen (analítico): este trabajo analiza la experiencia de un grupo de jóvenes estudiantes daneses en la Universidad de Valparaíso, en el marco de un programa de movilidad internacional.El uso de relatos de vida nos permite describir no sólo las formas en que esta experiencia transforma sus identidades y sus trayectorias académicas, profesionales e ideológicas, sino también sus imaginarios sobre los lugares de origen y destino.Los hallazgos contribuyen a la discusión sobre la dimensión sociocultural y política de la globalización, en particular la articulación entre los valores de una ciudadanía global y las diferentes formas de comprender y vivir la alteridad.

Conducting polymer nanostructuring enables a substantial improvement of many electro-catalytic processes, e.g., formic acid (HCOOH, FA) electro-oxidation. In this case, a stainless steel (SS) electrode is first modified with poly(1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone-co-o-phenylenediamine) (COP) and then, by means of a template that can be chemically removed, poly(1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone) nanowires (P1AAQnw) are electro-synthesized; this procedure has allowed the effective FA electro-catalytic oxidation generating adsorbed CO, which is quickly converted to CO2. Subsequently, when platinum nanoparticles (dispersed by electro-chemical techniques) are also incorporated on the polymeric nanowires, oxidation peaks are observed at ca. 1000 mV, with a current increase up to fourfold. In this way, the method provides a highly reproducible nanostructured electrode that is prepared solely by electro-chemical techniques offering promising results for FA electro-catalytic oxidation.

El objetivo del estudio es comparar las variables nutricionales con la morbimortalidad postoperatoria en cirugía digestiva oncológica. Estudio de cohorte prospectiva de pacientes sometidos a intervenciones quirúrgicas por neoplasias malignas digestivas en el Hospital Eduardo Pereira entre octubre de 2012 y febrero de 2014. Se creó una base de datos con el software Filemaker Pro. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS 15.0. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student o U de Mann Whitney según correspondiera y se consideró significativo un valor de p < 0,05. Se estudiaron 182 pacientes con un promedio de edad de 65,7 ± 12,3 años. Un 54,4% (99) de los pacientes fueron de sexo masculino. La neoplasia más frecuente fue el cáncer de colon en el 35,5% (64). Se presentaron complicaciones en 34,1% (62) de los pacientes, los cuales presentaron menor valor del pliegue tricipital (p < 0,01). Fallecieron un 6,2% (12), los cuales tenían menor nivel de albuminemia (p < 0,01). En los grupos de cirugía esofagogástrica no se encontraron diferencias al comparar la morbimortalidad y las variables nutricionales. En el grupo de cirugía de colon se encontraron diferencias significativas al comparar el índice de masa corporal (p < 0,01) con las complicaciones. En el grupo de cirugía pancreática los pacientes que presentaron complicaciones tenían mayor peso (p = 0,04), circunferencia braquial (p = 0,04) y albuminemia (p = 0,04). En el presente estudio se hallaron diferencias significativas al comparar algunas variables nutricionales con la morbilidad postoperatoria en cirugía de colon y páncreas. The aim of the study is to compare the nutritional variables with postoperative morbimortality in oncological digestive surgery. Prospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies in Eduardo Pereira Hospital between october 2012 and february 2014. A database in Filemaker Pro software was created. SPSS 15.0 software was used for statistical analysis. T test or Mann Whitney U was used as appropriate and a value of P < .05 was considered significant. 182 patients were studied with an average age of 65.7 ± 12.3 years; 54.4% (99) patients were male, the most common neoplasm was colon cancer in 35.5% (64). Complications occurred in 34.1% (62) patients, which have less value of triceps skinfold (P < .01); 6.2% died (12), which had lower levels of serum albumin (P < .01). In the esophagogastric surgery group no differences were found when comparing the morbimortality and nutritional variables. In the colon surgery group significant differences were found when comparing the body mass index (P < .01) with complications. In the pancreatic surgery group patients who experienced complications had higher weight (P = .04), arm circumference (P = .04) and albumin (P = .04). In the present study significant differences were found when comparing some nutritional variables with postoperative morbidity in colon and pancreas surgery.

We enlarge the classes of inflaton and quintessence fields by generalizing the pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone boson potential by means of elliptic Jacobian functions, which are characterized by a parameter [Formula: see text]. We use such a generalization to implement an inflationary era and a late acceleration of the universe. As an inflationary model, the Jacobian generalization leads us to a number of e-foldings and a primordial spectrum of perturbations compatible with the Planck Collaboration 2015. As a quintessence model, a study of the evolution of its equation-of-state (EoS) and its [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] plane helps us to classify it as a thawing model. This allows us to consider analytical approximations for the EoS recently discovered for thawing quintessence. By using JLA supernovae Ia and Hubble parameter [Formula: see text] data sets, we perform an observational analysis of the viability of the model as quintessence.

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and relate the main environmental risk factors in the emergency process after a large urban fire in Valparaiso, Chile, in April 2014.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. All 243 reports from an ad hoc web/mobile website created on the Ushahidi/Crowdmap platform were reviewed. Reports were recorded in a new database with dichotomist variables based on either the presence or absence of the relevant category in each report.ResultsAlmost one-third of the reports presented data about garbage (30%) and chemical toilets (29%). Reports related to water, infrastructural damage, and garbage had significant associations with 4 categories by chi-square test. In the logistic regression model for chemical toilets, only the variable of water was significant (Pvalue=0.00; modelPvalue: 0.00; R2: 11.7%). The “garbage” category confirmed infrastructural damage (Pvalue: 0.00), water (Pvalue: 0.028), and vectors (P value: 0.00) as predictors (modelPvalue: 0.00; R2: 23.09%).ConclusionsStatistically significant evidence was found for the statistical dependence of 7 out of 10 studied variables. The most frequent environmental risk factors in the reports were garbage, chemical toilets, and donation centers. The highest correlation found was for damaged infrastructure, vectors, and garbage. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:239–243)